Spec-Driven Development SDD — Hardware Specification & Testability (Hardware SDD)

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(Human‑authored, governs physical robot behavior, testability, and safety)

1. Purpose

Defines the physical, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and diagnostic constraints of the humanoid robot.
Ensures the robot is testable, observable, controllable, and safe at the hardware level.

2. Scope

Applies to:

  • actuators
  • joints
  • sensors
  • PCBs
  • battery systems
  • thermal systems
  • safety controllers
  • embedded firmware
  • calibration systems
  • diagnostics

3. Functional Requirements

The hardware must:

  • support stable locomotion
  • support manipulation up to rated payload
  • provide accurate sensor data
  • maintain thermal stability
  • support OTA firmware with rollback
  • support hardware‑level diagnostics
  • support safe‑mode operation

4. Negative Requirements

Hardware must never:

  • exceed torque limits
  • exceed thermal limits
  • exceed voltage/current limits
  • operate with failed sensors
  • disable safety interlocks
  • allow irreversible actions without safeguards
  • allow firmware flashing without dual approval

5. Safety Invariants

Must always hold:

  • joint torque ≤ rated limit
  • actuator temperature < 80°C
  • battery temperature < 55°C
  • IMU + vision fusion valid
  • collision detection active
  • emergency stop functional
  • center of mass within stability polygon

6. Design for Testability (DFT → DfAT)

Hardware must include:

  • JTAG / boundary scan
  • BIST (Built‑In Self Test)
  • actuator calibration mode
  • sensor calibration mode
  • force‑torque calibration
  • thermal calibration
  • safe‑mode locomotion
  • fault‑injection hooks
  • drift‑detection telemetry

This is Design for Agentic Testability (DfAT).

7. Diagnostics Requirements

Hardware must support:

  • POST
  • actuator torque test
  • joint encoder calibration
  • IMU calibration
  • vision alignment
  • thermal sensor validation
  • battery health diagnostics

8. Physical Irreversibility Constraints

Hardware must prevent:

  • falls
  • collisions
  • over‑torque
  • over‑force
  • thermal runaway
  • battery damage
  • irreversible mechanical damage

9. Evidence Requirements

Hardware must produce:

  • torque logs
  • thermal logs
  • IMU traces
  • vision hashes
  • error codes
  • calibration constants

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